PSORIASIS

This is inflammatory disease that is genetically programmed. The primarily affected organ is the skin. This disease begins as small scaling papule. Then this papule multiplies and form scaling plaques. These plaques tend to occur in the scalp, elbows and knees.

This plaques can be itchy, and when the scale is peeled away small bleeding points appears. Often psoriasis occurs in areas of trauma. This condition often waxes and wanes spontaneously.

Many patients with psoriasis have abnormal nails, which are yellow and crumbly.

Destructive arthritis is often associated with psoriasis.

There is genetic basis for psoriasis. This hereditary predisposition is necessary before the disease can be triggered by environmental factors. T-cells (white blood cells) mediate the development of the psoriatic plaques.

The environmental factors that are risk factors (can lead to psoriasis) are:

-        -  Alcohol in excess

-         - Streptococcal sore throat

-          -Certain drugs

-          -Trauma to the skin

Because this is mainly skin disease the treatment is topical. Foams,  gels,  creams, shampoos and ointments that are applied directly to the skin. Also the treatment includes topical steroids, tar preparations and calcium modulating drugs.

BREAST APSCESS

This is painful collection of pus in the breast. The collection is formed under the skin and it’s caused by bacterial infection.

Usually the breast abscess is characterized with:

-redness

-warmness

-swelling of the surrounding skin

-fever

Mastitis is often linked to breast abscesses. Mastitis is a condition with brast pain and inflammation, usually at women that are breastfeeding. Mastitis that is left untreated can result in an abscess forming. White blood cells are sent to attack the infection which causs tissue at the site of the infection to die. This creates a small, hollow area that fills with pus (an abscess).

ENDOMETRIAL ABLATION

Endometrial ablation is surgical destruction of the endometrium. Endometrium is the lining tissues of the uterus. The ablation is one type of treatment for abnormal uterine  bleeding. The beeding is usually  due to a benign condition.  If the reason for bleeding is cancer of the uterus , the ablation is not used as a treatment, because the cancer cells may have grown into the deeper tissues of the uterus not just endometrium. Endometrial ablation is only performed on a non pregnant woman who does not plan to become pregnant in future and when medical and hormonal therapies  can not control the bleeding.

Before the ablation there must b performed endometrial biopsy to exclude the persistence of cancer. Also the must be done imaging studies to exclude the persistence of uterine polyps or benign tumors, that can be simply removed without the need for ablation of the entire endometrium. Intrauterine contraceptive devices must be removed and the possibility of pregnancy must be excluded.

There are different procedures that are used for destroying the lining tissue of the uterus (endometrium), such as: laser beam, electricity, freezing, heating or microwave energy.

PNEUMONIA

Pneumonia is inflammation in your lungs caused by an infection. When you have pneumonia your airways and lungs have infection caused by germs such as bacteria, viruses, parasites or fungi. Your airways catch most germs in the mucus, that lie in your trachea, bronchi and bronchioles.  Hair like cilia lying in the tubes constantly push the mucus and germs out of your airways. Sometimes germs can pass although mucus and cilia and enter in your alveoli. Normally cells of the immune system attack this germs, which keep them from making you sick. However is your immune system is weaken  pneumonia causing germs can overwhelm your immune system  and begin to multiply. The inflammation causes your alveoli to fill with fluid which makes obstacle for the oxygen that can not rich to your capillaries

If you have lobar pneumonia that means that one lobe(piece) of your lungs is affected. If bronchopneumonia is your diagnosis then many areas of both lungs are affected.

Pneumonia can cause the following symptoms :

-difficult y breathing

-chest pain

-coughing

-fever and chills

-confusion

-headache

-muscle pain

-fatigue.

BACTERIAL VAGINOSIS

This is infection caused by the bacteria Gardenrella. Bacterial vaginosis is not sexually transmitted infection. But promiscuity, vaginal douches, intrauterine contraception device and long use of antibiotics are consider as risk factors.

This condition is usually asymtomatic but the most common is gray vaginal discharge with fishy odor. At some women there is also vaginal itching and burning.

Bacterial vaginosis can be dangerous during pregnancy and can increase the risk for contracting sexually-trasmitted infections

It is recommended no treatment in normal cases, but pregnant women should take antibiotics as metronidazole and clindamycin.